Jinja2 — самый популярный шаблонизатор в языке программирования Python. Автор Armin Ronacher из команды http://www.pocoo.org/ не раз приезжал на конференции в Екатеринбург с докладами о своих продуктах.
Синтаксис Jinja2 сильно похож на Django-шаблонизатор, но при этом дает возможность использовать чистые Python выражения и поддерживает гибкую систему расширений.
1 2 3 4 5 | # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from jinja2 import Template
template = Template('Hello {{ name }}!')
print(template.render(name=u'Вася')) |
Hello Вася!
{# Это кусок кода, который стал временно не нужен, но удалять жалко
{% for user in users %}
...
{% endfor %}
#}
1 2 3 4 5 | # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from jinja2 import Template
text = '{% for item in range(5) %}Hello {{ name }}! {% endfor %}'
template = Template(text)
print(template.render(name=u'Вася')) |
Hello Вася! Hello Вася! Hello Вася! Hello Вася! Hello Вася!
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 | # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from jinja2 import Template
template = Template("{% set a, b, c = 'foo', 'фуу', 'föö' %}")
m = template.module
print(m.a)
print(m.b)
print(m.c) |
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 | # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from jinja2 import Template
template = Template('{% macro foo() %}42{% endmacro %}23')
m = template.module
print(m)
print(m.foo()) |
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
</head>
<body>
{% for item in range(5) %}
Hello {{ name }}!
{% endfor %}
</body>
</html> |
1 2 3 4 5 6 | # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from jinja2 import Template
html = open('foopkg/templates/0.hello.html').read()
template = Template(html)
print(template.render(name=u'Петя')) |
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
</head>
<body>
Hello Петя!
Hello Петя!
Hello Петя!
Hello Петя!
Hello Петя!
</body>
</html>
См.также
1 2 3 4 5 6 | # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from jinja2 import Environment, FileSystemLoader
env = Environment(loader=FileSystemLoader('foopkg/templates'))
template = env.get_template('0.hello.html')
print(template.render(name=u'Петя')) |
Результат рендеринга шаблона jinja2/3.loader/foopkg/templates/0.hello.html
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 | # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from jinja2 import Environment, PackageLoader
env = Environment(loader=PackageLoader('foopkg', 'templates'))
template = env.get_template('0.hello.html')
print(template.render(name=u'Петя')) |
Результат рендеринга шаблона jinja2/3.loader/foopkg/templates/0.hello.html
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 | # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from jinja2 import Environment, DictLoader
html = '''<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
</head>
<body>
{% for item in range(5) %}
Hello {{ name }}!
{% endfor %}
</body>
</html>
'''
env = Environment(loader=DictLoader({'index.html': html}))
template = env.get_template('index.html')
print(template.render(name=u'Петя')) |
Результат рендеринга шаблона jinja2/3.loader/foopkg/templates/0.hello.html
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 | # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from jinja2 import Environment, FunctionLoader
html = '''<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
</head>
<body>
{% for item in range(5) %}
Hello {{ name }}!
{% endfor %}
</body>
</html>
'''
def myloader(name):
if name == 'index.html':
return html
env = Environment(loader=FunctionLoader(myloader))
template = env.get_template('index.html')
print(template.render(name=u'Петя')) |
Результат рендеринга шаблона jinja2/3.loader/foopkg/templates/0.hello.html
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 | # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from jinja2 import Environment, FunctionLoader, PackageLoader, PrefixLoader
html = '''<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
</head>
<body>
{% for item in range(5) %}
Hello {{ name }}!
{% endfor %}
</body>
</html>
'''
def myloader(name):
if name == 'index.html':
return html
env = Environment(loader=PrefixLoader({
'foo': FunctionLoader(myloader),
'bar': PackageLoader('foopkg', 'templates')
}))
template1 = env.get_template('foo/index.html')
template2 = env.get_template('bar/0.hello.html')
print(template1.render(name=u'Петя'))
print(template2.render(name=u'Петя')) |
Результат рендеринга шаблона jinja2/3.loader/foopkg/templates/0.hello.html
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 | # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from jinja2 import Environment, FunctionLoader, PackageLoader, ChoiceLoader
html = '''<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
</head>
<body>
{% for item in range(5) %}
Hello {{ name }}!
{% endfor %}
</body>
</html>
'''
def myloader(name):
if name == 'index.html':
return html
env = Environment(loader=ChoiceLoader({
FunctionLoader(myloader),
PackageLoader('foopkg', 'templates')
}))
template1 = env.get_template('index.html')
template2 = env.get_template('0.hello.html')
print(template1.render(name=u'Петя'))
print(template2.render(name=u'Петя')) |
Результат рендеринга шаблона jinja2/3.loader/foopkg/templates/0.hello.html
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 | # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from jinja2 import Environment, FileSystemLoader, ModuleLoader
# Compile template
Environment(loader=FileSystemLoader('foopkg/templates'))\
.compile_templates("foopkg/compiled/foopkg.zip",
py_compile=True) # pyc generate, only for python2
# Environment
env = Environment(loader=ModuleLoader("foopkg/compiled/foopkg.zip"))
template = env.get_template('0.hello.html')
print(template.render(name=u'Петя')) |
Результат рендеринга шаблона jinja2/3.loader/foopkg/templates/0.hello.html
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 | # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from os.path import exists, getmtime, join
from jinja2 import BaseLoader, Environment, TemplateNotFound
class FoopkgLoader(BaseLoader):
def __init__(self, path="foopkg/templates"):
self.path = path
def get_source(self, environment, template):
path = join(self.path, template)
if not exists(path):
raise TemplateNotFound(template)
mtime = getmtime(path)
with open(path) as f:
source = f.read()
return source, path, lambda: mtime == getmtime(path)
# Environment
env = Environment(loader=FoopkgLoader())
template = env.get_template('0.hello.html')
print(template.render(name=u'Петя')) |
Результат рендеринга шаблона jinja2/3.loader/foopkg/templates/0.hello.html
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 | server {
listen {{ SRC_SERVER_PUB_IP }}:80;
servern_name {{ FQDN }} www.{{ FQDN }}
location / {
proxy_pass http://{{ SRC_SERVER_LOCAL_IP }}:80/;
proxy_redirect off;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
}
} |
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 | #!/usr/bin/env python
from jinja2 import Environment, FileSystemLoader
env = Environment(loader=FileSystemLoader('.'))
template = env.get_template('nginx_proxy_conf.tpl')
data = {
"SRC_SERVER_PUB_IP": "192.168.0.100",
"SRC_SERVER_LOCAL_IP": "10.0.3.100",
"FQDN": "example.com"
}
conf = template.render(**data)
print(conf)
open("proxy.nginx.conf", "w").write(conf) |
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 | server {
listen 192.168.0.100:80;
servern_name example.com www.example.com
location / {
proxy_pass http://10.0.3.100:80/;
proxy_redirect off;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
}
} |
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
{% block head %}
<link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css" />
<title>{% block title %}{% endblock %} - My Webpage</title>
<meta charset='utf-8'>
{% endblock %}
</head>
<body>
<div id="content">{% block content %}{% endblock %}</div>
<div id="footer">
{% block footer %}
© Copyright 2008 by <a href="http://domain.invalid/">you</a>.
{% endblock %}
</div>
</body>
</html> |
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 | {% extends "base.html" %}
{% block title %}Index{% endblock %}
{% block head %}
{{ super() }}
<style type="text/css">
.important { color: #336699; }
</style>
{% endblock %}
{% block content %}
<h1>Index</h1>
<p class="important">
Welcome {{ name }} to my awesome homepage.
</p>
{% endblock %} |
1 2 3 4 5 6 | # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from jinja2 import Environment, FileSystemLoader
env = Environment(loader=FileSystemLoader('.'))
template = env.get_template('index.html')
print(template.render(name=u'Петя')) |
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css" />
<title>Index — My Webpage</title>
<meta charset='utf-8'>
<style type="text/css">
.important { color: #336699; }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="content">
<h1>Index</h1>
<p class="important">
Welcome Петя to my awesome homepage.
</p>
</div>
<div id="footer">
© Copyright 2008 by <a href="http://domain.invalid/">you</a>.
</div>
</body>
</html>
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 | <!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
{% block head %}
<link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css" />
<title>{% block title %}{% endblock %} - My Blog</title>
<meta charset='utf-8'>
{% endblock %}
</head>
<body>
<div id="content">{% block content %}{% endblock %}</div>
<br />
<br />
<br />
<div id="footer">
{% block footer %}
© Copyright 2015 by <a href="http://domain.invalid/">you</a>.
{% endblock %}
</div>
</body>
</html> |
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 | {% extends "base.html" %}
{% block title %}Index{% endblock %}
{% block content %}
<h1>Simple Blog</h1>
<a href="/article/add">Add article</a>
<br />
<br />
{% for article in articles %}
{{ article.id }} - (<a href="/article/{{ article.id }}/delete">delete</a> |
<a href="/article/{{ article.id }}/edit">edit</a>)
<a href="/article/{{ article.id }}">{{ article.title }}</a><br />
{% endfor %}
{% endblock %} |
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 | {% extends "base.html" %}
{% block title %}Create{% endblock %}
{% block content %}
<h1>Simple Blog -> EDIT</h1>
<form action="" method="POST">
Title:<br>
<input type="text" name="title" value="{{ article.title }}"><br>
Content:<br>
<textarea name="content">{{ article.content }}</textarea><br><br>
<input type="submit" value="Submit">
</form>
{% endblock %} |
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 | {% extends "base.html" %}
{% block title %}Index{% endblock %}
{% block content %}
<h1><a href="/">Simple Blog</a> -> READ</h1>
<h2>{{ article.title }}</h2>
{{ article.content }}
{% endblock %} |
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 | from models import ARTICLES
from jinja2 import Environment, FileSystemLoader
env = Environment(loader=FileSystemLoader('templates'))
class BaseBlog(object):
def __init__(self, environ, start_response):
self.environ = environ
self.start = start_response
class BaseArticle(BaseBlog):
def __init__(self, *args):
super(BaseArticle, self).__init__(*args)
article_id = self.environ['wsgiorg.routing_args'][1]['id']
(self.index,
self.article) = next(((i, art) for i, art in enumerate(ARTICLES)
if art['id'] == int(article_id)),
(None, None))
class BlogIndex(BaseBlog):
def __iter__(self):
self.start('200 OK', [('Content-Type', 'text/html')])
yield str.encode(
env.get_template('index.html').render(articles=ARTICLES)
)
class BlogCreate(BaseBlog):
def __iter__(self):
if self.environ['REQUEST_METHOD'].upper() == 'POST':
from urllib.parse import parse_qs
values = parse_qs(self.environ['wsgi.input'].read())
max_id = max([art['id'] for art in ARTICLES])
ARTICLES.append(
{'id': max_id+1,
'title': values[b'title'].pop().decode(),
'content': values[b'content'].pop().decode()
}
)
self.start('302 Found',
[('Content-Type', 'text/html'),
('Location', '/')])
return
self.start('200 OK', [('Content-Type', 'text/html')])
yield str.encode(
env.get_template('create.html').render(article=None)
)
class BlogRead(BaseArticle):
def __iter__(self):
if not self.article:
self.start('404 Not Found', [('content-type', 'text/plain')])
yield b'not found'
return
self.start('200 OK', [('Content-Type', 'text/html')])
yield str.encode(
env.get_template('read.html').render(article=self.article)
)
class BlogUpdate(BaseArticle):
def __iter__(self):
if self.environ['REQUEST_METHOD'].upper() == 'POST':
from urllib.parse import parse_qs
values = parse_qs(self.environ['wsgi.input'].read())
self.article['title'] = values[b'title'].pop().decode()
self.article['content'] = values[b'content'].pop().decode()
self.start('302 Found',
[('Content-Type', 'text/html'),
('Location', '/')])
return
self.start('200 OK', [('Content-Type', 'text/html')])
yield str.encode(
env.get_template('create.html').render(article=self.article)
)
class BlogDelete(BaseArticle):
def __iter__(self):
self.start('302 Found', # '301 Moved Permanently',
[('Content-Type', 'text/html'),
('Location', '/')])
ARTICLES.pop(self.index)
yield b'' |